A Brief World History of Radio

A Brief World History of Radio

;g\ !*)) sf] bzsb]lv /]l8of] k|ljlw cfljisf/sf] OltxfF; ;'? ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !**& df hd{gLsf ef}ltszf:qL x]g/L xh{ n] ljB't r'DasLo t/Ë zlQmsf] af/] klxnf] tfls{s JofVof ;lxt ;kmn k|bz{g eof] . ;g\ !*(@ df k|mfG;sf ef}lts zf:qL Edouard Branley ljB't r'DasLo t/ËnfO{ k|fKt ug]{ Receiver sf] kQf nufPsf x'g\ . ;g\ !*(% df, u'Un]Ndf] dfsf]{lg Guglielmo Macorni n] ljB't r'DasLo t/Ëaf6 ljgftf/ g} /]l8of k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !()) l8;]Da/ @#df lg/Gt/ t/Ësf] l;4fGt kQf nufPsf a}1flgs Reginald A. Fesseden nn] dflg;sf] cfjfh %) km"6] b'Oj6f 6fj/df k|zf/0f ug{ ;kmn eof] . ;g\ !()! l8;]Da/ !@df dfsf]{lgn] a]nfotsf] ;]G6 hf]g Go"kmfp08Nof08b]lv kf]Nb';Dd j]tf/ t/Ë k9fpg ;kmn eP .;g\ !()% df Sir Ambose Gleming n] pRr lkmSj]lG;sf /]l8of] t/ËnfO{ klxrfg ug{ ;Sg] Electronic Tube sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !()^ df lqmid; Oesf lbg km];]8]g gfds a}1flgsn] df;fr';]6 l:yt Ps :6]zgaf6 O Holy Night gfds dlxnf] /]l8of] sfo{qmd nfdf] b"l/;Dd k|;f/0f ug{ ;kmn eP .;g\ !()^df Lee De Forest n] Triode Electronic Tube kQff nufP, h;n] /]liof] t/ËnfO c? rsf]{ (Amplify) ug{ ;Dej eof] . ;g\ !(!* df Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] k|ljlwsf cfljisf/s Edwin Armstrong n] lk|mSj]lG; kl/jt{g eO{/xg] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ Superhetrodyne Receiver Circuit sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !($* df cd]l/sL j]n 6]lnkmf]g k|of]uzfnfsf ef}ltszf:qLx? Jo]hn af8L{g, afN6/ a|6fO{g / ljlnod zSnL n] Transistor sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !(%) sf] bzssf] clGtdlt/ ks]6 /]l8of]sf] rng ;'? eof] .

(Radio History in Nepal)

·       lj=;+= !(*) sf] bzsdf g]kfndf k|yd k6s /]l8of] ;]6 lelqof] .

·       lj=;+= @))# >fj0fb]lv g]kfnLx?nfO{ /]l8of] /fVg kfpg] :jtGqtf k|bfg

·       lj=;+= @))# d+l;/ xfnsf] ljB't skf]{/];g ejgaf6 % jf6sf] zlQmaf6 >j0f s]Gb|sf] ?kdf /]l8of] k|;f/0f ePsf]

·       lj=;+= @))^ df3 dlxgfdf crfgs /]l8of]df of] k|hftGq g]kfn /]l8of] xf] . xfdL d'lQm ;+u|fdsf] df]rf{af6 af]ln/x]sf 5f}+ . eGg] g]kfnL efiffdf cfjfh ;'lgof] .

·       lj=;+= @))& r}q @) b]lv l;+xb/af/ :s'n 3/df g]kfn /]l8of] sf] gfdaf6 o;sf] :yfkgf

·       k|f/Dedf @%) af6sf] z6{ j]e 6«fG;ld6/af6 k|zf/0f ;'? u/]sf]

·       lj=;+= @)!) df ^) jf6sf] ldl8od j]esf] 6«fG;ld6/ yKof]

·       @)!# ;fndf % lsnf]jf6sf] j]e 6«fG;ld6/ yKof]

·       k~rfolt Joj:yfsf] cGTo;Dddf g]kfnsf &% k|ltzt hgtfn] /]l8of] ;Gg kfO{of]

·       lj=;= @)%@ sflt{s #) df /]l8of] g]kfnn] lk|mSj]G;L df]8'n];gaf6 k|zf/0f ;'?

/]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf s]lx dxTjk"0f{ ltlyldltx?

·       lj=;+= @)%) kmfu'g ! df /fli6«o cfof]usf dxf;lrj;dIf /]l8of] ;u/dfyf kl/of]hgf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k|:t't

·       lj=;+= @)%! c;f]hdf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;dIf Pkm=Pd= k|zf/0f :jLs[ltsff nflu bf];|f] k6s k|:tfj

·       lj=;+= @)%! k';df ;~rf/dGqL ;dIf t];|f] kN6 k|:tfj

·       lj=;+= @)%@ df lghL If]qnfO{ /]l8of] :6]zg ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt lbg] Joj:yf hf/L

·       lj=;+= @)%@ sf] dWolt/ o'g]:sf]n] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf nflu k|zf/0f pks/0f k|bfg

·       lj=;+= @)%@ r}q !@ ut] c:yfoL lk|mSj]G;Lsf nflu lgj]bg

·       lj=;+= @)%# r}q !* ut]b]lv @! ut] ;Dd sfnwf/af6 cj}wflgs t/Ë k|;f/0f

·       lj=;+= @)%$ a}zfv @ ut] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf] ;~rfngsf] g]t[Tj lnPsf] g]kfn jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"xsf] a}7sn] h]7 ( ut] k|zf/0f z'? ug]{ lg0f{o

·       lj=;+= @)%$ h]7 % df ;~rf/dGqfnoaf6 O{hfht k|fKt

·       lj=;+= @)%$ h]7 ( ut]af6 cl3Nnf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] cf}krfl/s, a}wflgs k|zf/0f ;'?