SEO Terms that you should know

SEO Terms

1. SEM: Stands for Search Engine Marketing, and as the name implies it involves marketing services or products via search engines. SEM is divided into two main pillars: SEO and PPC. SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization, and it is the practice of optimizing websites to make their pages appear in the organic search results. PPC stands for Pay-Per-Click, and it is the practice of purchasing clicks from search engines. The clicks come from sponsored listings in the search results.

2. Backlink: Also called inlink or simply link, it is an hyperlink on another website pointing back to your own website. Backlinks are important for SEO because they affect directly the PageRank of any web page, influencing its search rankings.

3. PageRank: PageRank is an algorithm that Google uses to estimate the relative important of pages around the web. The basic idea behind the algorithm is the fact that a link from page A to page B can be seen as a vote of trust from page A to page B. The higher the number of links (weighted to their value) to a page, therefore, the higher the probability that such page is important.

4. Linkbait: A linkbait is a piece of web content published on a website or blog with the goal of attracting as many backlinks as possible (in order to improve one’s search rankings). Usually it’s a written piece, but it can also be a video, a picture, a quiz or anything else. A classic example of linkbait are the “Top 10” lists that tend to become popular on social bookmarking sites.

5. Link farm. A link farm is a group of websites where every website links to every other website, with the purpose of artificially increasing the PageRank of all the sites in the farm. This practice was effective in the early days of search engines, but today they are seeing as a spamming technique (and thus can get you penalized).



6. Anchor text: The anchor text of a backlink is the text that is clickable on the web page. Having keyword rich anchor texts help with SEO because Google will associate these keywords with the content of your website. If you have a weight loss blog, for instance, it would help your search rankings if some of your backlinks had “weight loss” as their anchor texts.

7. NoFollow: The nofollow is a link attribute used by website owners to signal to Google that they don’t endorse the website they are linking to. This can happen either when the link is created by the users themselves (e.g., blog comments), or when the link was paid for (e.g., sponsors and advertisers). When Google sees the nofollow attribute it will basically not count that link for the PageRank and search algorithms.

8. Link Sculpting: By using the nofollow attribute strategically webmasters were able to channel the flow of PageRank within their websites, thus increasing the search rankings of desired pages. This practice is no longer effective as Google recently change how it handles the nofollow attribute.

9. Title Tag: The title tag is literally the title of a web page, and it’s one of the most important factors inside Google’s search algorithm. Ideally your title tag should be unique and contain the main keywords of your page. You can see the title tag of any web page on top of the browser while navigating it.

10. Meta Tags: Like the title tag, meta tags are used to give search engines more information regarding the content of your pages. The meta tags are placed inside the HEAD section of your HTML code, and thus are not visible to human visitors.

11. Search Algorithm: Google’s search algorithm is used to find the most relevant web pages for any search query. The algorithm considers over 200 factors (according to Google itself), including the PageRank value, the title tag, the meta tags, the content of the website, the age of the domain and so on.

12. SERP: Stands for Search Engine Results Page. It’s basically the page you’ll get when you search for a specific keyword on Google or on other search engines. The amount of search traffic your website will receive depends on the rankings it will have inside the SERPs.

13. Sandbox: Google basically has a separate index, the sandbox, where it places all newly discovered websites. When websites are on the sandbox, they won’t appear in the search results for normal search queries. Once Google verifies that the website is legitimate, it will move it out of the sandbox and into the main index.

14. Keyword Density: To find the keyword density of any particular page you just need to divide the number of times that keyword is used by the total number of words in the page. Keyword density used to be an important SEO factor, as the early algorithms placed a heavy emphasis on it. This is not the case anymore.

15. Keyword Stuffing: Since keyword density was an important factor on the early search algorithms, webmasters started to game the system by artificially inflating the keyword density inside their websites. This is called keyword stuffing. These days this practice won’t help you, and it can also get you penalized.

16. Cloaking. This technique involves making the same web page show different content to search engines and to human visitors. The purpose is to get the page ranked for specific keywords, and then use the incoming traffic to promote unrelated products or services. This practice is considering spamming and can get you penalized (if not banned) on most search engines.

17. Web Crawler: Also called search bot or spider, it’s a computer program that browses the web on behalf of search engines, trying to discover new links and new pages. This is the first step on the indexation process.

18. Duplicate Content: Duplicate content generally refers to substantive blocks of content within or across domains that either completely match other content or are appreciably similar. You should avoid having duplicate content on your website because it can get you penalized.

19. Canonical URL: Canonicalization is a process for converting data that has more than one possible representation into a “standard” canonical representation. A canonical URL, therefore, is the standard URL for accessing a specific page within your website. For instance, the canonical version of your domain might be http://www.domain.com instead of http://domain.com.

20. Robots.txt: This is nothing more than a file, placed in the root of the domain, that is used to inform search bots about the structure of the website. For instance, via the robots.txt file it’s possible to block specific search robots and to restrict the access to specific folders of section inside the website.

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Indexing

Indexing

All the organizations/offices perform so many administrative activities, out of so many activities, filing and indexing are the main activities which are done by each and every organizxation. Indexing is also an important function of an office which support the filing system. Indexing is the essential part of filing system which helps to locating files, records, documents. The word 'Indexing' is derived from latin word which means indicator.

In conclusion, Indecxing is the guide or symbol which indicates the exact location of required files in offices, books in library, words in dictonary, etc. It is the most important tools of office management and process of locating and finding files and documents without extra labour and time.

Purpose of Indexing
Indexing is a guide which helps to locate files, papers, documents without any delay.
1. Easy access to records
With the support of indexing, an employees or a staff can easily access the files that are safely recorded.

2. Helps in locating files
An indexing system helps in locating files with the help of index prepared at the time of filing. It will be easy to know where the file is located if needed.

3. Speedy reference
An indexing system supports the filing system for the speedy reference. By the help of indexing, files and documents can be located speedly for the future refernce.

4. Saves time and labour
By the help of indexing, files, documents can be easily located without extra time and labour for searching the files if needed.

5. Increase in efficiency
By the help of indexing, files, documents can be easily located without extra time and labour which means it increase the efficiency of the employees.

Qualities of Indexing system
The system adopted by an office must have different types of qualities. As we all know that indexing is the process of locating files for promotion of filing system. The good indexing system should have following qualities.

1. Simplicity
The indexing system adopted by an office should be simple. It should be easy to understand and simple to operate without extra special skills.

2. Economy
The indexing system must be less expensive within the spending capacity of the office and organization. The indexing system must not need separate budget.

3. Flexibility/Elasticity
The good indexing system must be flexible which can be easily increase or decrease as per the need of the orgnization and filing system.

4. Safety
The good indexing system must be safe. It should maintain the safety and secrecy of the records and documents.

5. Suitability
A good indexing system should be suitable to the needs of filing system and the organization  too. It should facilitate on speed filing documents.

6. Compactness
The space is the important matter in modern offices.A good indexing system adopted by an office must occupy less space.

7. Quick and accurate reference
A good indexing system must provide quick and accurate reference to the document filed.


Types of indexing
1 Book Indexing (Book bound indexing)
Book indexing contains a book of certain size. The right edge sheet of papers of book is cut in such a manner that letter of alphabets can be seen at a glance. For example: Telephone diary

Advantage:
a. It is simple to understand and easy to operate.
b. It involves little cost, occupy small space.
c. It is suitable for small offices with limited number of files.
d. The pages are bound in a book form, so it is quite safe.

Disadvantage:
a. The pages cannot be added or reduced to meet the needs of office. The number of pages are limited.
b. It is not convenient for all types of office.
c. Dead reference cannot be taken out. Strict alphabetical order is difficult to maintain.
d. It is mainly used for telephone diary, ledger book and cash book.

2. card Indexing
Card indexing contain the card of certain size where name, address, file number and other information of person or organization is written. One card is allocated to an individual or organization.

Advantage
a. It is simple to understand and easy to operate. Special skills are not needed.
b. It involves cost of cards and drawer to put card, it is less expensive.
c. Cards can be easily added and removed as per the need of office.
d Cards are then arranged in alphabetical or chronological or subjectwise order. So it provides quick reference to the files and documents.
e. It is suitable for large offices

Disadvantage
a. It consume more time in filing and locating files
b. There is high possibility of misplacement of cards.
c. It is not suitable for small offices.

Visible card indexing
Under the visible card indexing, all the cards of certain size are kept in frame or tray in such a way that all the cards can be seen at a time.

Advantage
a. It needs small space in office.
b. Files can be promptly located. All cards in tray are visible at a glance.
c. It save time and effort.
d. The cards can be added and removed as needed.
e. It facilitates smooth operation which also helps to increase efficiency.

Disadvantage
a. It is expensive requires special cabinets and trays to keep the card.
b. It required trained persons for to operate it.
c. There is high possibility of misplacement of cards.
d. It is not suitable for all types of offices.

4. Strip Indexing
Under strip card indexing, strips are made up of card board paper are fixed in frame in such a way that all the strips in the frame can be seen at glance.

Advantage
a. It occupies very little space.
b. Strip cards can be added or removes as per need.
c. It proivides quick reference about person or organization.
d. It increase efficiency through smooth operation.
e. It is suitable for big offices.

Disadvantage
a. It is expensive. Cost of strips and frames are high.
b. All cards are visible at a glance so there is lack of secrecy.
c. Trained persons are needed to operate.
d. It is not suitable for small offices.

5. Rotary/Wheel indexing
Under rotary indexing, a rotary wheel is fitted in a stand and index are kept around the circumference of the wheel. Rods are slits through which a card can be taken out and new card can be insertec easily.
Advantage
a. it required little space to install.
b. Cards can be added or removed as per need.
c. It takes little time to locate the cards. Reference is quick by turning the rotary machine.
d. It increases office efficiency.
e. It is suitable for big offices

Disadvantage
a. It is expensive. It requires high investment in indexing equipments.
b. Trained people are required to operate it.
c. Cards can be damaged by dust, insects, rats, water, fire, etc.
d. It is unsuitable for small offices.
e. Secrecy cann't be maintained. cards are easily visible.

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A Brief World History of Radio

A Brief World History of Radio

;g\ !*)) sf] bzsb]lv /]l8of] k|ljlw cfljisf/sf] OltxfF; ;'? ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !**& df hd{gLsf ef}ltszf:qL x]g/L xh{ n] ljB't r'DasLo t/Ë zlQmsf] af/] klxnf] tfls{s JofVof ;lxt ;kmn k|bz{g eof] . ;g\ !*(@ df k|mfG;sf ef}lts zf:qL Edouard Branley ljB't r'DasLo t/ËnfO{ k|fKt ug]{ Receiver sf] kQf nufPsf x'g\ . ;g\ !*(% df, u'Un]Ndf] dfsf]{lg Guglielmo Macorni n] ljB't r'DasLo t/Ëaf6 ljgftf/ g} /]l8of k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !()) l8;]Da/ @#df lg/Gt/ t/Ësf] l;4fGt kQf nufPsf a}1flgs Reginald A. Fesseden nn] dflg;sf] cfjfh %) km"6] b'Oj6f 6fj/df k|zf/0f ug{ ;kmn eof] . ;g\ !()! l8;]Da/ !@df dfsf]{lgn] a]nfotsf] ;]G6 hf]g Go"kmfp08Nof08b]lv kf]Nb';Dd j]tf/ t/Ë k9fpg ;kmn eP .;g\ !()% df Sir Ambose Gleming n] pRr lkmSj]lG;sf /]l8of] t/ËnfO{ klxrfg ug{ ;Sg] Electronic Tube sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !()^ df lqmid; Oesf lbg km];]8]g gfds a}1flgsn] df;fr';]6 l:yt Ps :6]zgaf6 O Holy Night gfds dlxnf] /]l8of] sfo{qmd nfdf] b"l/;Dd k|;f/0f ug{ ;kmn eP .;g\ !()^df Lee De Forest n] Triode Electronic Tube kQff nufP, h;n] /]liof] t/ËnfO c? rsf]{ (Amplify) ug{ ;Dej eof] . ;g\ !(!* df Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] k|ljlwsf cfljisf/s Edwin Armstrong n] lk|mSj]lG; kl/jt{g eO{/xg] ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ Superhetrodyne Receiver Circuit sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !($* df cd]l/sL j]n 6]lnkmf]g k|of]uzfnfsf ef}ltszf:qLx? Jo]hn af8L{g, afN6/ a|6fO{g / ljlnod zSnL n] Transistor sf] ljsf; eof] . ;g\ !(%) sf] bzssf] clGtdlt/ ks]6 /]l8of]sf] rng ;'? eof] .

(Radio History in Nepal)

·       lj=;+= !(*) sf] bzsdf g]kfndf k|yd k6s /]l8of] ;]6 lelqof] .

·       lj=;+= @))# >fj0fb]lv g]kfnLx?nfO{ /]l8of] /fVg kfpg] :jtGqtf k|bfg

·       lj=;+= @))# d+l;/ xfnsf] ljB't skf]{/];g ejgaf6 % jf6sf] zlQmaf6 >j0f s]Gb|sf] ?kdf /]l8of] k|;f/0f ePsf]

·       lj=;+= @))^ df3 dlxgfdf crfgs /]l8of]df of] k|hftGq g]kfn /]l8of] xf] . xfdL d'lQm ;+u|fdsf] df]rf{af6 af]ln/x]sf 5f}+ . eGg] g]kfnL efiffdf cfjfh ;'lgof] .

·       lj=;+= @))& r}q @) b]lv l;+xb/af/ :s'n 3/df g]kfn /]l8of] sf] gfdaf6 o;sf] :yfkgf

·       k|f/Dedf @%) af6sf] z6{ j]e 6«fG;ld6/af6 k|zf/0f ;'? u/]sf]

·       lj=;+= @)!) df ^) jf6sf] ldl8od j]esf] 6«fG;ld6/ yKof]

·       @)!# ;fndf % lsnf]jf6sf] j]e 6«fG;ld6/ yKof]

·       k~rfolt Joj:yfsf] cGTo;Dddf g]kfnsf &% k|ltzt hgtfn] /]l8of] ;Gg kfO{of]

·       lj=;= @)%@ sflt{s #) df /]l8of] g]kfnn] lk|mSj]G;L df]8'n];gaf6 k|zf/0f ;'?

/]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf s]lx dxTjk"0f{ ltlyldltx?

·       lj=;+= @)%) kmfu'g ! df /fli6«o cfof]usf dxf;lrj;dIf /]l8of] ;u/dfyf kl/of]hgf ;DaGwL k|:tfj k|:t't

·       lj=;+= @)%! c;f]hdf ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/dGqL ;dIf Pkm=Pd= k|zf/0f :jLs[ltsff nflu bf];|f] k6s k|:tfj

·       lj=;+= @)%! k';df ;~rf/dGqL ;dIf t];|f] kN6 k|:tfj

·       lj=;+= @)%@ df lghL If]qnfO{ /]l8of] :6]zg ;~rfng ug{ cg'dlt lbg] Joj:yf hf/L

·       lj=;+= @)%@ sf] dWolt/ o'g]:sf]n] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf nflu k|zf/0f pks/0f k|bfg

·       lj=;+= @)%@ r}q !@ ut] c:yfoL lk|mSj]G;Lsf nflu lgj]bg

·       lj=;+= @)%# r}q !* ut]b]lv @! ut] ;Dd sfnwf/af6 cj}wflgs t/Ë k|;f/0f

·       lj=;+= @)%$ a}zfv @ ut] /]l8of] ;u/dfyfsf] ;~rfngsf] g]t[Tj lnPsf] g]kfn jftfj/0f kqsf/ ;d"xsf] a}7sn] h]7 ( ut] k|zf/0f z'? ug]{ lg0f{o

·       lj=;+= @)%$ h]7 % df ;~rf/dGqfnoaf6 O{hfht k|fKt

·       lj=;+= @)%$ h]7 ( ut]af6 cl3Nnf] a}7ssf] lg0f{o cg';f/ /]l8of] ;u/dfyfn] cf}krfl/s, a}wflgs k|zf/0f ;'?

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On Page SEO

On Page SEO Techniques To Rank On First Page

Now, let's not confuse onpage SEO optimization with Onsite SEO optimization. Talking about, onpage SEO, we optimize our content for our target keyword. This includes use of proper heading, keyword placement, content quality and many other factors. We will look into them one by one in this detailed post.

Why do you need OnPage Optimization?

So what’s the target of this post: This post will help you to write more search engine optimized article. Now, when I say SEO optimized article, many blogger think it’s a bad practice.

Search engine is nothing but a set of algorithms, it look into various factor to rank your page for certain Keyword. Now, here we will help search engine to pick the target Keyword from the post and make it more target able.

Here is a food of thought: When you publish a post, have you ever thought why you have not got 1st page ranking. ?
So when we do SEO optimization of post, it means we follow certain set of proven method to rank higher in search engine. Now ranking in Google, doesn’t only consider On page SEO score, but it also take care of many factors like Social media votes, back links, domain authority and many other offpage factor. Our goal here is to optimize our article in natural but smart way, so that search engine can easily pick the target keyword (Focus keyword) and thus, instead of raking for irrelevant long tail keyword, we will get more targeted visitors. Here is an interesting article which shows how on page optimization is not dead.
Before, you read more, I assume you know about Keyword research and you have found a Keyword for next post, which is going to be a perfect example of onpage SEO optimized post. Here are latest 2016 On-page search engine factors:

As you can see from the above list, a lot has changed in 2015 and most important factors are relevant keywords, internal links. Above chart is prepared by search metrics team after analyzing top pages from Google search. One thing which I highly recommend you to do from now on is to take advantage of adding videos in your blog post. Adding videos will not only increase the rich media on your post, it will also make users stay more on your blog post.

10 Onpage Optimization Techniques for Better ranking

So here is the ultimate list of 10 Onpage Optimization factors you should keep in mind while optimizing your blog posts:

Blog Post Title

Most important Onpage factor which really plays a big role in deciding whether our blog posts will be doing well on search engines front is its title. We should make sure we are using targeted keywords or phrase towards the beginning of Title tag. We should not repeat the same keyword in title tag with the intension to get better rankings on Google, Yahoo and Bing. And we should keep limit Title Characters length to 65 Characters only with spaces.

Post Permalink Structure

Then it’s about going ahead with a search engine optimized URL structure. Again, you should aim at using targeted keywords towards the beginning of blog post URL. You should avoid using special characters, symbols, brackets, comma’s etc as part of your post URL. Most of the times you should be using alphabets and numeric from 0-9 in your URL structure and use dashes to differentiate two strings in URL structure. Make sure to follow a pretty permalink instead of random strings in your permalink.

Heading Tags

You should use heading tags like h2, h3 and h4 etc to highlight various headings, sub-headings and important points. Our Title tag is used as h1 tag at single post level in WordPress. So we don’t need to use any h1 tag in our blog post body section. Also, don’t repeat H2 or H3 tags too many times, as it is considered as negative SEO practice.

Keyword Density

You should keep the keyword density to up to 1.5% percent with mix of LSI keywords. You should be using your main keyword once in first paragraph and then in the last paragraph apart from regular use in blog post content. You should use bold, italic and underline to highlight important keywords and phrases in your blog post.

Meta Tags

You should add unique and relevant Meta keyword and Meta description with each of your blog post. Again, you should use your use targeted keyword in the Meta description and Meta keyword section. You should create a meta description tag which work as a summary for your blog post. You should limit meta description length to 160 characters including spaces. You should write user friendly Meta description tags for better Click Through Rate (CTR) in search engines. Though, many search engine like Bing still prefer meta keywords but Google already made it clear that they don’t give any weight-age to Meta keywords.

Addition of Images

We have already talked about Image optimization for SEO and it helps a lot in driving traffic from image search. Though, according to many case studies, Keyword in alt text in image and image title helps a lot to make your blog post more focus and targeted. Now add one or multiple images to your blog post. You should include targeted keyword as part of image name, image alt text etc. Availability of images makes our blog contents more interesting and attractive. While adding images, you should look out for small size images only. Addition of big size images will slow down your blog speed and will ultimately lower down your blog rankings as these days Google Started considering website speed as one of rankings factor on Google organic search.

Word Count Per Post

I don’t see blog posts doing well especially on search engine front page having very few words. So as standard, you should try to draft blog posts carrying minimum 700 words. If possible write long and well researched blog posts while targeting highly competitive keywords in your niche. Moreover, if you writing naturally and covering everything related to the topic, your topic would be of great length. Suggestion: Analyze other posts on the target keyword and see what you are missing and if your post is better than post ranking on first page in Google or not. Though, there is no limit or exact number for minimum word count for SEO optimized posts, but ideally I keep it more than 700 words. This post is over 1600 words plus.

Content Interlinking

You should link out to related blog posts from your blog to send additional page rank and traffic to them. Interlinking of blog posts naturally will help your blog readers spend more time on your blog. But you should not overdo it. While linking out to your own blog pages, you should use keyword rich anchor text as that will help the linking posts perform better on Google and other search engines for their targeted anchor texts. Also, keep variation while internal linking but don’t confuse Google with two similar post for same target Keyword.

Linking out to External Websites

Apart from linking to your own blog posts, it is a great idea to link out to external websites if you feel addition of links for them will help your blog readers find more and relevant information about the topic you are currently blogging about. While linking out to external websites, you should link to trusted websites only. And if you have doubts about the authority or popularity of a website, you can use nofollow tag to avoid passing page rank and search engine rankings to bad neighbors.
You should use dofollow link for trusted websites and nofollow link for those about whom you are doubtful about their trust rank on Google. If not, try to link with Wiki article, which is considered as one of the most authoritative source of information. Even if not from onpage optimization point of view, linking to useful resource help readers and make your content more credible and informative.

Write Engaging Content

You should write engaging content in your post and should work as a complete manual for the targeted keywords for that post. You should look at various ways so that people get engaged with your blog contents. You can do this by asking some kind of questions or asking for their opinion on topics related to your blog and etc. If you are unable to write engaging contents on your blog, people will not spend much time on your blog and will immediately leave your blog. This will result in higher bounce rate for your blog and which will work as a negative factor when Google calculates your blog rankings for targeted terms.

On page SEO Checklist:

Here is the final checklist which you need to follow in 2016 to make sure your content rank higher in search engine.
Keyword placement:

§ Keyword in Title

§ Keyword in Permalink

§ Keyword in first paragraph

§ Keyword in Image Alt tag

§ Tweaked Keyword in H2 or H3

§ Bold Important Keywords and related keywords

§ Italics 1-2 important Keywords

§ Outbound Link to relevant high-quality sites

§ Internal links to related articles

§ Remove all stop words from Permalink

§ Add multi-media (Video, Slides, Inforgraphic)

§ Longer the content length, better it is. Minimum: 700 words

§ Optimize image before uploading (Compress and resize)

§ Page loading time

§ Use LSI Keywords (Use Google search to find related Keywords)

Other things:

§  Use Meta title in less than 65 character

§  Use Meta description in less than 150 characters.

§  If using any Social SEO plug-in, make sure to add image for Facebook, Twitter. (Take advantage of social graph)

§  Make sure to have social sharing buttons at the end of post or floating social sharing buttons.

§  Have related posts after blog posts to lower down bounce rate.

Things not to do:

§ Not more than 1 H1 tag (Your Post title is H1 tag)

§ Don’t repeat H2 and H3 Tag

§ Don’t increase Keyword density by more than 1.25%

Things to focus on:

§ Try to use Keyword in Post Title at beginning

§ Use Long tail keywords (You can use up to 65 Character in Post title)

§ If writing in evergreen niche, remove dates from the posts. (Use Date Exclusion SEO plugin)

§ Content length: The longer the length of the content, better it is. Though don’t try to uselessly increase the content size.

§ At the end of blog post, ask users to take action.

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