English
2. LITERAL COMPREHENSION:
v
S
+ V1/V5 + object
v
Do/does+V1
v
Is/Am/Are
+ information
v
Has/Have
+ information
v
Can/May/Might
+ information
For
example: “the brave little parrot”
The
brave little parrot is a story about a little parrot / there is a little parrot
in this story. Once fire spreads throughout the jungle, all animals and birds
of the jungle ran away. At the same time it sees many animals trapped in the
fire………..
3. INTERPRETATION:
v Theme / the text message
For example: God helps those who help other. Service to other
is the greatest service or religion of all ………+ Justify
4. CRITICAL THINKING:
This
text can be a very rich source for a good critical thinker. He / She can raise
many questions on different aspects of the story.
For
example:
·
How can one trust in the issue of re-birth or incarnation in
this 21st century?
·
How can a little bird think benevolently (kindly) and act
selflessly? Is it possible?
Thus this text has
lots of point on criticisms.
ASSIMILATION:
In
this case explain a story similar to the text to support the text.
The
main themes of all texts are written below.
Chapter 1 The brave little parrot
i.
Supernatural story
ii.
Duty is important
iii.
Experience of suffering , we know suffering when we are
suffering
iv.
Related to Buddhism
v.
Taken from ‘The Hungry Tigress’
Chapter 2 Ahab and Naboth
i.
Has been taken from bible / it is a biblical story
ii.
Related to Christianity
iii.
Tit for Tat
iv.
Absolute power is not good
v.
Power corrupts men
vi.
Result of greed is destruction
Chapter 3 If not higher
i.
Related to Judaism (Jews)
ii.
To help the helpless is better than going heaven
iii.
There is practical use of religion
iv.
Close observation helps you to find reality
v.
Helping hands are greater than preying hands
Chapter 4 Phaedo
i.
Written by Plato
ii.
Dialog between two peoples
iii.
Related to Socrates, first philosopher of the world, Greece
iv.
Socrates disciples are Phaedo, Plato, Crito
v.
How death punishment is given to Socrates?
vi.
Socrates was blamed of misleading the youths by government
vii.
Prisoned and declared death punishment by feeding poison
named Hemlock
viii.
“Death is transformation from this world (sad) to another
(happy), soul is immortal “ Socrates
ix.
Socrates request Crito to offer a cock
Chapter 5 The Cricket
i.
Written by Chinese writer P’u Sung ling
ii.
Cultural history of China, cricket fighting
iii.
Superstition in China of that time; fortune teller,
transformation of son’s soul into cricket
iv.
Ming reign rule
v.
Miserable condition o Chinese people
vi.
Unproductive business (cricket fighting)
vii.
Hierarchy in China
viii.
It is better to live in free country
ix.
Folk- tale of China
x.
Hobbies of higher-ups troubled minor people
Chapter 6 The Sword of Damocles
i.
Tyrant, intelligent, clever king
ii.
Damocles, a flatterer who thinks absolute power and boundless
wealth brings happiness and satisfaction.
iii.
There is always danger in the life of tyrant king.
iv.
Flatterers are the great enemy
v.
Glory and risk come together
vi.
Boundless wealth does not necessarily bring happiness and
satisfaction.
vii.
Such people are brave who can smile even in problem
Chapter 7 The library card
i.
It is an autobiographical presentation
ii.
Black American writer Richard Wright
iii.
Talks about condition of the black people in the USA
iv.
Talks how education changes one’s life
v.
Talks about segregation in USA (racial discrimination)
vi.
H.L. Mencken’s book Prejudice read by writer.
vii.
Education is the key of the life
Chapter 8 Why go to university?
i.
Written by Moti Nissani
ii.
Advantages and disadvantages of university study
iii.
Ignorance is bliss
iv.
disadvantages of university study: high
expenses, fertile time is spent going university
v.
advantages of university study: job
opportunities, improve our health
vi.
going university is making ourselves inquisitive
vii.
Importance of physical exercise.
viii.
Education makes us free
ix.
We are in invisible prison of thought when we
are uneducated
x.
Without education democracy is impossible and
without democracy education is impossible they are interrelated.
Chapter 9 Surely you’re joking Mr. Frenham
i.
is an autobiographical presentation
ii.
Chapter 10 The good example
Chapter 11 A 1996 Commencement speech
Chapter 12 Shep’s hobby
Chapter 13 A sound of thunder
Chapter 14 Marriage is a private affair
Chapter 15 The Cabuliwallah
Chapter 16 Then and now finding my voice
Chapter 17 Third thoughts
Chapter 18 The stub-book
Chapter 19 Mr. Know-all
Chapter 20 Keeping errors at Bay
Chapter 21 What is intelligence Anyway?
Chapter 22 Swan song
Chapter 23 Piano
Chapter 24 To his coy mistress
Chapter 25 The Lunatic
Chapter 26 GAIA
Chapter 27 A tale
Chapter 28 Stopping by woods on a snowy evening
Chapter 29 Ethics
Chapter 30 Where the mind is without fear
i.
Psalm
ii.
Humanitarian poem, Spiritualist
iii.
Importance of freedom, courage and dignity
iv.
Suggests to break the invisible walls of our mind
v.
The great problem is dead habits
vi.
He wants to awake his country and whole world
